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What are Holy Icons?

Holy icons are windows into the Kingdom of Heaven, proclaiming in color that God became visible in the flesh.

What is an Icon?

  • The word 'icon' comes from the Greek eikon, meaning 'image.'
  • Icons depict Christ, the Mother of God, angels, saints, and sacred events using a distinctive theological aesthetic.
  • They are written (not painted) according to ancient traditions and blessed by the Church.
  • Icons differ from Western religious art: they are theological statements, not naturalistic portraits.

Why Do Orthodox Christians Venerate Icons?

  • The Seventh Ecumenical Council (787 AD) affirmed the veneration of icons as an expression of faith in the Incarnation.
  • Veneration (proskynesis) is distinguished from worship (latreia) — only God receives worship; saints receive honor.
  • When we venerate an icon, the honor passes to the prototype — the person depicted, not the material object.
  • Icons teach the faith visually; they are called 'theology in color.'

Icons and the Incarnation

  • The iconoclast controversy (8th–9th centuries) challenged icon veneration; the Church's defense was rooted in Christology.
  • If Christ truly became man and was seen, he can be depicted. To deny icons is to deny the Incarnation.
  • St. John of Damascus wrote the definitive defense of icons during the iconoclast persecution.
  • The Triumph of Orthodoxy, celebrated on the first Sunday of Lent, commemorates the restoration of icons in 843 AD.
What are Holy Icons? | Orthodox Christianity 101